Ball-bearing



(No Model.)

A. WINTON. BALL BEARING.

No. 511,228. Patented Deo. 19, 1893.

,IIS

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

ALEXANDER WINTON, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO,

BALL-BEARING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 51 1 ,228, dated December 19, 1893.

` Application led January 11I 1893. Serial No. 458,031. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER-WINTON, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ball-Bearings; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertainsto make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form. part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in ball bearings; and it consists in the construction and arrangement of parts which will be fully' described hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The object of my invention is to reduce friction in ball bearings by having the bearing at one end of the wheel hub or shaft so constructed that the balls can slide endwise the shaft or hub, thus adjusting themselves automatically to prevent any revolution thereof upon an axis at an angle to the rotation of the wheel, so common in ordinary ball bearings and which causes a grinding of the balls and thereby increased friction; and to prevent any crowding of the balls at one end ot the hub by the jamming or crowding of the balls at the opposite Aend of the hub, caused by a slight variation in the diameter of the balls which always exists, and in some instances is increased or made very great by reason oi' the groove at one end of the wheel hub or shaft being even slightly out of a vertical line to the shaft, in which event it acts as a cam for crowding the balls at the opposite end of the hub or shaft.

In the accompanying drawingsz--Figure l is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a wheel hub and shaft, my invention being shown applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a side view of a portion of a frame of a machine showing my improved yoke bearing, the bearings being shown in section. n Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the dottedline zzz-a' of Fig. 2.

My construction of ball bearing for reducing friction is shown in connection with a bearing Wholly within the huh of a wheel in Fig.1, and in Figs. Zand Sin connect-ion With a yoke bearing.

A, indicates the hub of a wheel (Fig. 1)

which has at one end a bearing sleeveB, and this sleeve is provided with an annular groove C, in its inner face. The adjacent end of the shaft has a rigid cone D, and an adjustable cone E, thus forming another annulargroove F, in which the balls run, and which is the usual construction of an adjustable ball bearing. Instead of duplicating this construction at the opposite end ot' the shaft or hub, I provide av bearing sleeve G, Which'is entirely grooveless, and, in contradistinction to the usual construction, ismade perfectly straight. The cones upon the adjacent end of theshaft to'this straight bearing sleeve, are the same as at the opposite end of the shaft, and are of the usual construction From this it will be seen that the balls in the old construction have the, four bearing points a, Ct, and 5,2?, while in my new construction at the opposite end of the shaft the balls have but three bearing points.

As a matter of fact., the balls placed in ball bearings always vary slightly, and owing to this variation a ball in the old construction will lit tightly at either the bearing points os, c, or h, h, and in this instance the ball or balls thus wedged or tightly compressed will revolve or have a tendency to revolve upon an axis at an angle to the axis of revolution of the wheel, as represented by the dotted lines, and thus cause a grinding action at either the points a, a, or b, h, according to Which axis itrevolves upon, as will be clearly understood. This wedging and angular revolution of the balls is increased greatly in the rear driving wheel when climbingl hills, owing to the increased pull upon the hub of the wheel.

By reference to my construction at the op posite end of the Wheel, it will be seen that all tendency to revolve upon an angular axis is prevented, for the balls have free play upon the grooveless face of the adjacent bearing sleeve, thus automatically adjusting themselves to avoid this increased friction by grinding ot the balls.

In order to hold the wheel against endwise movement, I am compelled to use the ordinary twogroove bearing at one end of the Wheel hub. However, by the use of the improved smooth bearing atjthe opposite end, I

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do not only absolutely prevent any grinding the opposite end, the hub is allowed "a free endwise movement, which will yrelieve the wedging and cramping of the balls in the old bearing. y l

Again, where an annular greoveisused at each end of the hub, as 'in the old construction, it requires great care and skill, t'have l thegrooye" atopposte ends of"- the'l'h'uoabsor lute'ly'at 'right angles to the Taxis: of revoluhuh; therewillbef'no crowding, cramping "or sof connection' withal yle'kearing. i llnjthis insmooth bearing could be placed upondnefend `fof "theshaft, [andl grooves utiadein the inner hearing surfacesof h'oth hubslee'yes, the

lresult be the same.

' Figs; 2 and 3 showyokebearings Which'consist of a smooth exterior surface, Vand ascrew threadedinterior surfaceto 2v hich'v my invention isiapplicable. This sleeve is placed in the yoke and held by means of a screw K, and into this sleeve the conesL are screwed. This construction avoids the forming of screw threads directly in the inner surface of the "yoke, 'which it is inconvenient to do. By the use of a sleeve the screw threads are conveniently" and accurately formed therein, thus greatly facilitating and cheapening the formingof such bearings.

yThis bearing is -alsoapplicable to bicycle pedals, as. Willube understood.

Having thusdes'cribed my invention, what vl claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patents s"- t 1. hall` hearing 'comprising a shaft, two colactingf; goo'ved' A"hearing surfaces" for fone a 'bearing 'at each end'thereof; a series 'ofballs balls'iretheftotherbeefring"iedaptedft rotate around Ithe axle" andfcapableofdojngi udinal movement i'elatiifely-totheaile orfhb, lWherebywheaxle andhubiareallowed @limited iu- `deoei'de'n longitudinal nti oyemient'i irrelation 't0' eachother, zfor vthe purpose described.

presence of tivo witnesses.

LXANDR WINTON.

` Vitnesses:

L: W: LEWIS, L. L A.. rlJEED. 

